Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery is a procedure known for more than a decade. The review compares this surgical technique with conventional cataract phacoemulsification – the most frequently performed operation of this type. The review took into account metanalysis, clinical trials and reports from the last 10 years to evaluate several aspects, including intraoperative parameters, surgical complications and advantages for patients. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery is the method with less effective phacoemulsification time, cumulative dissipate energy and better intraocular lens centration. Reduction of aberrations in presbyopia correcting intraocular lens is also noticeable. Best uncorrected and corrected visual acuity and postoperative predicted refraction are similar in both groups of patients. Surgical complications are comparable as well. Noteworthy is the fact that patients with hard nuclear cataracts have smaller endothelial cell loss. The results for low and medium severity of cataracts are mostly the same in laser-assisted surgery versus phacoemulsification. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery is a new solution for patients with low endothelial density or endothelial dystrophy, especially in advanced cataracts. The procedure is also recommended for surgery with presbyopia-correcting lens implantation due to better centration and smaller ocular aberrations. This whole new surgical technique requires greater financial outlay but provides some improvements in cataract surgery