Posterior uveitis is a serious problem in ophthalmology, threatening visual acuity and eye function. Biological therapy has emerged as a promising tool in the treatment of this disease, offering new paths for intervention. The paper discusses current aspects of biological the rapy in the context of posterior uveitis and development prospects. Posterior uveitis is a group of inflammatory conditions involving the choroid, retina, and vitreous body. The disease manifests itself with various symptoms, including visual impairment and the appearance of spots in the visual field. Posterior uveitis can lead to serious complications such as retinal damage, glaucoma, and loss of vision. Steroid therapy is the mainstay of treatment, but it can cause side effects. In the case of intolerance or recurrence of the disease, immunosuppressive therapy is used. A biological therapy such as adalimumab is currently being used for cases that are resistant to other treatments. At present, in Poland, it is possible to refer patients for treatment in the drug program entitled “Treatment of Uveitis”. Biological therapy offers new possibilities in the treatment of posterior uveitis. Key areas for the development of biological therapy are: precise targeting, targeted treatments, gene therapies and increasing its availability. However, there are challenges related to the potential side effects and costs of biological therapies. This therapy represents a promising approach for the treatment of posterior uveitis, opening the way for more precise and effective interventions in the future.