The aim of this paper is to familiarize the reader with a problem often encountered in the daily work of an ophthalmologist, which is bacterial inflammation of the surface of the eye. Speaking of bacterial inflammation of the surface of the eye, bacterial conjunctivitis and bacterial keratitis should be distinguished. These entities often coexist with each other, affecting the clinical picture with which the patient reports. This article will discuss the pathogens most often causing the above diseases, the clinical picture, the necessary diagnostics and the method of treatment. Attention was also paid to the complications that may be caused by bacterial inflammation of the eye surface and the prognosis.