Uveitis caused by reactivation of cytomegalovirus appears to be a rare disease that usually affects immunocompromised patients, but a recent review of the literature provides us with more and more examples of its occurrence in immunocompetent individuals as well. With the widespread use of polymerization chain reaction tests from the aqueous fluid, it has been demonstrated that cytomegalovirus may be responsible for most cases of the infectious iritis. The variable clinical course of cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis can make it difficult to provide an appropriate diagnosis. The key is to promptly initiate appropriate treatment and effectively prevent recurrence, as the reis a very high risk of complications, i.e. glaucoma or macular edema. Based on exemplary clinical cases, the different forms of inflammation, diagnosis and treatment are discussed.